Social and Cultural Foundations of Counseling and Human Services Multiple Influences on Self-Concept Development

by Schmidt, John J.

Edition: 1st

ISBN13: 9780205403332

ISBN10: 0205403336

Format: Paperback

Pub. Date: 2005-06-09

Publisher(s): Pearson

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Summary

Social and Cultural Foundations of Counseling addresses the fundamental social and cultural foundations upon which counselors and other helpers develop the knowledge and skill to work effectively with diverse populations. The premise of this text is that such foundational knowledge includes learning about self-concept development within a cultural and sociological context and about the impact that both individual differences and collectivistic philosophies have on cultural and personal identity. It distinctively features a social psychology perspective of diversity, complemented by an understanding of self-concept theory and its interaction with other models of identity development.

Preface

Society, Culture, Counseling, and Human Services

(22)

Society

(2)

Culture

(9)

Enculturation

(1)

Acculturation

(2)

Assimilation

(1)

Encapsulation

(1)

Collectivism

(1)

Individualism

(1)

Interculture and Intraculture

(1)

Subculture

(1)

Worldview

(1)

Diversity and Counseling

(9)

Orientation to Time

(2)

Language

(1)

Unearned Privilege

(2)

Orientation to Nature

(2)

Counseling Inferences

(1)

The Emerging Self and Social Learning

(28)

Self-Concept Theory

(5)

The Structure of Self-Concept

(1)

Self-Structure and Cultural Influence

(3)

Altering the Self-Concept

(5)

Ecstatic Events

(1)

Traumatic Events

(1)

Intervention

(1)

Self-Determination

(1)

Repeated Life Events

(2)

Stability of the Self-Concept

(1)

Related Developmental Theories

(1)

Self-View, Worldview, and Social Learning

(4)

Social Cognition Learning Model

(1)

Social Learning Theory

(1)

Social Learning and Self-Efficacy

(1)

Deviant Behavior

(4)

Violence and Abuse

(3)

Violence and Homicide

(1)

Suicide

(1)

Physical and Sexual Abuse

(1)

Substance Abuse

(1)

Education

(1)

Technology and Self-Development

(2)

Counseling Inferences

(2)

Social, Cultural, and Racial Identity

(18)

Social Identity Theory

(5)

Categorization

(2)

Identification

(1)

Social Comparison

(2)

Cultural Identity Theory

(3)

Critique of Identity Models

(1)

Cultural Identity Research

(1)

Race, Ethnicity, and Identity

(3)

Racial Identity

(1)

Race as Social Construction

(2)

Self as a Cultural Product

(4)

Individualism and Collectivism

(2)

Independence and Interdependence

(1)

Counseling Inferences

(3)

Cultural, Racial, and Ethnic Identity Models

(24)

Racial Identity Models

(14)

Black Identity

(3)

White Identity

(2)

Asian Identity

(2)

Biracial Identity

(3)

Racial and Cultural Identity Model (R/CID)

(2)

Optimal Theory Model

(1)

Ivey's Cultural Identity Model

(2)

Ethnic Identity

(4)

Ethnic Models

(1)

Ethnicity and Self-Concept Development

(2)

Multiple Identities

(2)

Self-Consciousness and Identity

(1)

Counseling Inferences

(2)

Sex, Gender, and Sexual Orientation Identity

(18)

Sex

(3)

Gender

(6)

Gender and Culture

(4)

Gender and Identity

101

(1)

Sexual Orientation Identity

102

(7)

Theories and Research Findings

104

(1)

Terminology

104

(2)

Sexual Orientation Identity and Development Models

106

(3)

Counseling Inferences

109

(2)

Family, Culture, and Self-Concept Development

111

(18)

Family Structure

112

(3)

Family and Culture

115

(10)

African American Families

115

(1)

Arab American Families

116

(2)

Asian American Families

118

(1)

European American Families

119

(1)

Jewish American Families

120

(2)

Latino/Hispanic Families

122

(1)

Native American Families

123

(2)

Family and Community Ties

125

(2)

Counseling Inferences

127

(2)

Ability, Attractiveness, Aging, and Self-Image

129

(18)

Physical Development and Self-Image

130

(4)

Body Stereotypes

131

(1)

Body Image and Self-Concept Development

132

(2)

Media

134

(1)

Ableism and Disability

134

(5)

Aging and Ageism

139

(7)

Common Stressors and Cultural Factors

140

(1)

Physical Appearance, Ability, and Disability

141

(1)

Ageism

142

(4)

Counseling Inferences

146

(1)

Spirituality, Religion, and Self-Concept Development

147

(16)

Historical Considerations

147

(2)

Defining Spirituality and Religion

149

(14)

Comparison of Spirituality and Religion

149

(2)

Culture-Specific Perspectives

151

(9)

Spirituality and Counseling

160

(1)

Counseling Inferences

161

(2)

Social Class and Economic Considerations

163

(14)

Socioeconomic Status and Social Class

164

(6)

Classism

167

(1)

Poverty

168

(2)

SES and Self-Concept Development

170

(3)

Affluence and Poverty

170

(1)

Gender, Race, and Marital Status

171

(1)

Stress

171

(2)

Counseling Inferences

173

(4)

Counseling and Cultural Diversity

177

(26)

Cultural Aspects of Counseling

177

(5)

Counseling Approaches and Skills

178

(3)

Cultural Bias in Counseling

181

(1)

Being a Culturally Effective Counselor

182

(11)

Multicultural Approaches

182

(8)

Skills of a Culturally Effective Counselor

190

(3)

Assessment, Diagnosis, and Treatment

193

(5)

Group Procedures with Diverse Clients

198

(1)

Advocacy, Conflict Resolution, and Social Justice

199

(2)

Counseling Inferences

201

(2)

Ethical and Legal Issues

203

(24)

Ethical Standards

203

(6)

National Board of Certified Counselors

204

(1)

American Counseling Association

205

(1)

National Organization for Human Service Education

206

(1)

Ethical Distinctions

206

(3)

Multicultural Competency

209

(5)

Competency I: Counselor's Awareness of Own Cultural Values and Biases

209

(2)

Competency II: Counselor's Awareness of Clients' Worldviews

211

(1)

Competency III: Culturally Appropriate Intervention Strategies

212

(2)

Human Service Education

214

(1)

Laws, Legal Issues, and Diverse Clients

214

(13)

Search for Freedom: A Chronology of Immigration and Citizenship Legislation

215

(2)

Equality and Justice for All: A History of Legislation and Court Rulings

217

(6)

Counseling Inferences

223

(4)

Research Issues and Future Considerations for Counseling Diverse Populations

227

(12)

Research Issues and Concerns

227

(4)

Measuring Cultural Perspectives

228

(1)

Racial/Ethnic Matching

228

(2)

Outcomes

230

(1)

Methodological Issues

230

(1)

Future Direction in Multicultural Research

231

(1)

Future Trends and Issues

232

(4)

Counseling Inferences

236

(3)

Appendix Diversity Websites

239

(6)

References

245

(18)

Author Index

263

(6)

Subject Index

269

Social and Cultural Foundations of Counseling and Human Services Multiple Influences on Self-Concept Development

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Table of Contents