Preface |
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xxiii | |
Acknowledgments |
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xxv | |
About the Author |
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xxvii | |
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PART I: LAYING THE GROUNDWORK FOR SUCCESS |
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1 | (60) |
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Interviewing and Interrogation |
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3 | (20) |
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4 | (1) |
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4 | (1) |
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4 | (1) |
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The Nature of Interviewing |
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5 | (5) |
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6 | (1) |
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7 | (3) |
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10 | (1) |
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The Nature of Interrogation |
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10 | (2) |
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Interrogation Controversy |
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11 | (1) |
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Purpose of the Interrogation |
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12 | (1) |
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Personal Qualities of the Interviewer |
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13 | (3) |
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Willing to Develop Rapport |
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15 | (1) |
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15 | (1) |
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16 | (1) |
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16 | (3) |
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17 | (1) |
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18 | (1) |
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19 | (1) |
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19 | (1) |
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20 | (1) |
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20 | (1) |
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20 | (1) |
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20 | (1) |
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21 | (2) |
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23 | (18) |
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24 | (1) |
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24 | (1) |
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24 | (1) |
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Phase I: Interview Preparation |
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25 | (5) |
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26 | (1) |
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Determine Prior Criminal Record |
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27 | (1) |
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28 | (1) |
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28 | (2) |
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Phase II: Establishment of the Psychological Content |
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30 | (3) |
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When Should the Questioning Occur? |
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31 | (1) |
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Where Should the Questioning Occur? |
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31 | (1) |
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When in the Police Station or an Office |
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32 | (1) |
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Phase III: The Questioning |
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33 | (5) |
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33 | (1) |
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34 | (3) |
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37 | (1) |
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38 | (1) |
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39 | (1) |
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39 | (1) |
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39 | (1) |
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39 | (1) |
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40 | (1) |
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Purposeful Interviewing and Processes |
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41 | (20) |
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42 | (1) |
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42 | (1) |
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42 | (1) |
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Characteristics of Purposeful Interviewing |
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43 | (2) |
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43 | (1) |
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44 | (1) |
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Objectives of Purposeful Interviewing |
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45 | (11) |
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The Nature of the Offense |
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45 | (4) |
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49 | (3) |
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Identifying a Perpetrator |
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52 | (2) |
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54 | (1) |
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54 | (1) |
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55 | (1) |
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Assessing Accuracy of a Statement |
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56 | (1) |
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57 | (1) |
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57 | (2) |
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57 | (1) |
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58 | (1) |
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58 | (1) |
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59 | (2) |
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PART II: METHODS AND TECHNIQUES |
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61 | (66) |
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Traditional, Structural, and Inferential Interviewing with Statement Analysis Techniques |
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63 | (22) |
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64 | (1) |
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64 | (1) |
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64 | (1) |
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65 | (1) |
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Guidelines for the Traditional Interviewing Approach |
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66 | (5) |
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67 | (1) |
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68 | (1) |
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68 | (1) |
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69 | (1) |
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69 | (2) |
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71 | (1) |
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What Is Structural Interviewing? |
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71 | (1) |
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Steps for Structural Interviewing |
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72 | (2) |
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72 | (1) |
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Step Two: Encourage Participation |
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72 | (1) |
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Step Three: Review the Statement |
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73 | (1) |
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74 | (2) |
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74 | (1) |
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74 | (1) |
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75 | (1) |
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75 | (1) |
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76 | (1) |
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Conducting Statement Analysis |
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76 | (4) |
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Step One: Parts of Speech |
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76 | (3) |
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Step Two: Extraneous Information |
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79 | (1) |
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Step Three: Lack of Conviction |
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80 | (1) |
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Step Four: Balance of the Statement |
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80 | (1) |
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80 | (1) |
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81 | (1) |
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82 | (1) |
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82 | (1) |
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82 | (1) |
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83 | (1) |
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83 | (2) |
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Forensic Hypnosis and Cognitive Interviewing |
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85 | (22) |
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86 | (1) |
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86 | (1) |
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86 | (1) |
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87 | (1) |
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Forensic Hypnosis Interviewing Methods |
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87 | (4) |
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Guidelines for the Use of Forensic Hypnosis |
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88 | (1) |
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Preparing for the Hypnotic Session |
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89 | (1) |
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89 | (1) |
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90 | (1) |
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91 | (1) |
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91 | (1) |
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Challenges to Hypnotic Memory Retrieval |
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91 | (2) |
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92 | (1) |
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92 | (1) |
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Memory Hardening and Suggestibility |
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92 | (1) |
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Hypnosis Evidence in Court |
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93 | (1) |
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What Is Cognitive Interviewing? |
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94 | (1) |
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Cognitive Interviewing Techniques |
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95 | (4) |
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96 | (1) |
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97 | (1) |
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Reporting-Everything Technique |
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98 | (1) |
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Changing the Order of Events |
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98 | (1) |
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98 | (1) |
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Additional Memory-Jogging Techniques |
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98 | (1) |
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Steps of the Cognitive Interview Method |
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99 | (2) |
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99 | (1) |
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Step Two: Narrative Phases |
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100 | (1) |
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Step Three: Extensive Recall through Mnemonics |
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101 | (1) |
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Step Four: Summary and Closure |
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101 | (1) |
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Challenges to Memory Retrieval |
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101 | (2) |
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102 | (1) |
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103 | (1) |
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103 | (1) |
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103 | (1) |
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104 | (1) |
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104 | (1) |
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104 | (1) |
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105 | (1) |
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105 | (2) |
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Behavioral Interviewing Techniques |
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107 | (20) |
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108 | (1) |
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108 | (1) |
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108 | (1) |
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What Is Behavioral Interviewing? |
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109 | (2) |
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109 | (1) |
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Neurolinguistic Programming |
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110 | (1) |
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Cultural and Personal Considerations |
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111 | (1) |
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Emotions and Observable Behaviors |
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112 | (4) |
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112 | (2) |
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114 | (2) |
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116 | (4) |
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The Visual Right-Handed Person |
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117 | (1) |
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The Auditory Right-Handed Person |
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118 | (1) |
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The Kinesthetic Right-Handed Person |
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119 | (1) |
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Sensory Verbal Communication |
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120 | (1) |
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Qualifiers, Hedging, and Manipulators |
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121 | (1) |
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122 | (2) |
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124 | (1) |
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124 | (1) |
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124 | (1) |
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124 | (1) |
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125 | (1) |
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125 | (2) |
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PART III: Interviewing Special Populations |
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127 | (72) |
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129 | (28) |
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130 | (1) |
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130 | (1) |
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130 | (1) |
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Child Developmental Stages |
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131 | (2) |
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Age-Related Limitations on Reporting |
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132 | (1) |
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133 | (1) |
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Initial Considerations for Child Interviews |
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134 | (5) |
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134 | (1) |
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Step 2: Models for Evaluating Abuse |
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135 | (1) |
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Step 3: Preliminary Considerations |
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136 | (1) |
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Step 4: Remaining Neutral |
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137 | (2) |
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What Is the Forensic Approach to Child Interviewing? |
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139 | (1) |
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Forensic Interviewing Techniques |
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140 | (3) |
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Phase I: Caretaker Instructions |
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140 | (1) |
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141 | (1) |
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Phase III: Preparing the Child |
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141 | (1) |
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Phase IV: Establishing Rapport |
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142 | (1) |
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Phase V: Conducting the Interview |
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142 | (1) |
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What Is the Cognitive Approach to Interviewing Children? |
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143 | (1) |
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Cognitive Interviewing Techniques |
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143 | (4) |
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144 | (1) |
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144 | (1) |
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Establishing Rapport: Cognitive Interview Step 1 |
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144 | (1) |
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Reconstructing and Reporting Everything: Cognitive Interview Step 2 |
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145 | (1) |
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Changing the Order and Perspective: Cognitive Interview Step 3 |
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146 | (1) |
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147 | (1) |
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147 | (1) |
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148 | (1) |
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148 | (2) |
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Tools for Interviewing Children |
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149 | (1) |
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Bolstering Credibility through Evidence |
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150 | (2) |
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Determining Competency and Reliability |
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152 | (1) |
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153 | (1) |
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153 | (2) |
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153 | (1) |
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154 | (1) |
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154 | (1) |
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155 | (2) |
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157 | (20) |
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158 | (1) |
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158 | (1) |
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158 | (1) |
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Crimes Targeting the Elderly |
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159 | (3) |
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159 | (2) |
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161 | (1) |
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Initial Considerations When Questioning the Older Person |
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162 | (3) |
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162 | (3) |
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165 | (1) |
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165 | (2) |
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Step 1: Preparing for the Interview |
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165 | (1) |
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Step 2: Establishing Rapport |
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166 | (1) |
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Step 3: Conducting the Interview |
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166 | (1) |
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Step 4: Ending the Interview |
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167 | (1) |
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167 | (1) |
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Empowering the Elderly Victim |
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167 | (1) |
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168 | (4) |
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169 | (1) |
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170 | (1) |
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Concerns Due to Dependence |
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171 | (1) |
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Interdisciplinary Interviewing |
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172 | (1) |
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Mandatory Elder Abuse Reporting |
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172 | (1) |
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Crime Perpetrated by the Elderly |
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173 | (1) |
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173 | (1) |
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174 | (1) |
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174 | (1) |
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174 | (1) |
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174 | (1) |
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175 | (2) |
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Interviewing Persons with Disabilities or Mental Illness |
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177 | (22) |
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178 | (1) |
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178 | (1) |
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178 | (1) |
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The Americans with Disabilities Act |
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179 | (2) |
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Accommodations for Interviewing |
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180 | (1) |
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Police Liability under the ADA |
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180 | (1) |
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181 | (2) |
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Identifying When Special Care Is Necessary |
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183 | (4) |
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184 | (1) |
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Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder |
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184 | (1) |
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185 | (1) |
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185 | (1) |
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186 | (1) |
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187 | (1) |
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188 | (2) |
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189 | (1) |
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Preparing for the Interview |
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190 | (3) |
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191 | (1) |
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191 | (2) |
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Interrogation Considerations |
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193 | (2) |
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193 | (1) |
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194 | (1) |
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195 | (1) |
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196 | (1) |
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196 | (1) |
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196 | (1) |
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197 | (1) |
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197 | (2) |
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199 | (95) |
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The Interrogation Process and the Law |
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201 | (22) |
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202 | (1) |
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202 | (1) |
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202 | (1) |
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Fifth Amendment Considerations |
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203 | (1) |
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204 | (5) |
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When Are the Miranda Warnings Required? |
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205 | (1) |
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When Is a Waiver of Miranda Rights Valid? |
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206 | (2) |
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Right to Counsel under Miranda |
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208 | (1) |
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Sixth Amendment Considerations |
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209 | (1) |
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Fourteenth Amendment Considerations |
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210 | (4) |
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210 | (4) |
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Fourth Amendment Considerations |
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214 | (4) |
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215 | (3) |
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218 | (1) |
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219 | (2) |
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219 | (1) |
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219 | (1) |
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220 | (1) |
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221 | (2) |
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223 | (26) |
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224 | (1) |
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224 | (1) |
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224 | (1) |
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What Is an Interrogation? |
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225 | (1) |
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226 | (6) |
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Who Is Likely to Conduct Interrogations? |
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227 | (2) |
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Who Is Likely to Waive Rights per Miranda? |
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229 | (1) |
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Why Do People Waive Their Rights? |
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230 | (1) |
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231 | (1) |
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Does a Waiver Affect the Case? |
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231 | (1) |
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232 | (2) |
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233 | (1) |
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What Is Not an Interrogation? |
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234 | (3) |
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235 | (1) |
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235 | (1) |
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235 | (1) |
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236 | (1) |
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237 | (1) |
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Case-Specific Methods of Interrogation |
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238 | (6) |
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238 | (2) |
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240 | (1) |
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241 | (1) |
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242 | (1) |
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243 | (1) |
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244 | (1) |
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245 | (1) |
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245 | (1) |
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245 | (1) |
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245 | (1) |
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246 | (1) |
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246 | (3) |
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Techniques for Interrogation |
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249 | (26) |
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250 | (1) |
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250 | (1) |
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250 | (1) |
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Purpose of the Interrogation |
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251 | (1) |
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252 | (4) |
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Noncustodial Interrogation Situation |
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254 | (1) |
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Custodial Interrogation Situation |
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255 | (1) |
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Confession-Eliciting Models |
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256 | (1) |
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Interrogation Phase I: Preparing |
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257 | (6) |
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258 | (1) |
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Step Two: Determine the Prior Record |
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258 | (1) |
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Step Three: View the Scene |
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259 | (1) |
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Step Four: Establish the Timing |
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260 | (2) |
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Step Five: Determine Who Will Interrogate |
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262 | (1) |
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Interrogation Phase II: Developing Outcome-Based Tactics |
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263 | (6) |
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Tactic #1. Appealing to the Suspect's Self-Interest |
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263 | (1) |
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Tactic #2. Confronting the Suspect with Evidence of Guilt |
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264 | (1) |
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Tactic #3. Undermining the Suspect's Confidence in His or Her Denials |
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265 | (1) |
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Tactic #4. Identifying Contradictions in the Suspect's Alibi or Story |
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265 | (1) |
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Tactic #5. Asking Specific ``Behavioral Analysis'' Interview Questions |
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266 | (1) |
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Tactic #6. Appealing to the Importance of Cooperating |
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267 | (1) |
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Tactic #7. Offering Moral Justifications and Face-Saving Excuses |
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267 | (1) |
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Tactic #8. Confronting the Suspect with False Evidence of Guilt |
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267 | (1) |
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Tactic #9. Praising or Flattering the Suspect |
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268 | (1) |
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Tactic #10. Appealing to the Detective's Expertise and Authority |
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268 | (1) |
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Interrogation Phase III: Getting the Confession |
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269 | (3) |
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269 | (1) |
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269 | (3) |
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272 | (1) |
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272 | (2) |
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272 | (1) |
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273 | (1) |
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273 | (1) |
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274 | (1) |
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Juvenile Rights and Police Responsibilities |
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275 | (19) |
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276 | (1) |
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276 | (1) |
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276 | (1) |
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277 | (1) |
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Age of Criminal Responsibility |
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277 | (1) |
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278 | (1) |
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279 | (1) |
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Due Process and the Juvenile |
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279 | (2) |
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Questioning a Juvenile Not in Custody |
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281 | (3) |
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282 | (2) |
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Questioning a Juvenile in Custody |
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284 | (1) |
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Temporary Custody and Juveniles |
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285 | (1) |
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Fourth Amendment Considerations |
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285 | (1) |
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Fifth Amendment Considerations |
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286 | (1) |
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286 | (1) |
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Juvenile Confession Admissibility |
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287 | (1) |
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Specific Crime Categories |
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288 | (4) |
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288 | (2) |
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290 | (2) |
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292 | (1) |
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292 | (2) |
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292 | (1) |
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293 | (1) |
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293 | (1) |
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294 | |