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Summary
Rationality and Religious Commitmentshows how religious commitment can be rational and describes the place of faith in the postmodern world. It portrays religious commitment as far more than accepting doctrines--it is viewed as a kind of life, not just as an embrace of tenets. Faith is conceived as a unique attitude. It is irreducible to belief but closely connected with both belief and conduct, and intimately related to life's moral, political, and aesthetic dimensions. Part One presents an account of rationality as a status attainable by mature religious people--even those with a strongly scientific habit of mind. Part Two describes what it means to have faith, how faith is connected with attitudes, emotions, and conduct, and how religious experience may support it. Part Three turns to religious commitment and moral obligation and to the relation between religion and politics. It shows how ethics and religion can be mutually supportive even though ethics provides standards of conduct independently of theology. It also depicts the integrated life possible for the religiously committed--a life with rewarding interactions between faith and reason, religion and science, and the aesthetic and the spiritual. The book concludes with two major accounts. One explains how moral wrongs and natural disasters are possible under God conceived as having the knowledge, power, and goodness that make such evils so difficult to understand. The other account explores the nature of persons, human and divine, and yields a conception that can sustain a rational theistic worldview even in the contemporary scientific age.
Author Biography
Robert Audi is John A. O'Brien Professor of Philosophy at the University of Notre Dame. He is the author of many books, including Moral Knowledge and Ethical Character (OUP, 1997), The Architecture of Reason: The Structure and Substance of Rationality (OUP, 2001), Moral Value and Human Diversity (OUP, 2007), Business Ethics and Ethical Business (OUP, 2009), and Democratic Authority and the Separation of Church and State (OUP, forthcoming in 2011).
Table of Contents
Preface | p. x |
Acknowledgments | p. xiv |
Four Epistemological Standards: Rationality and Reasonableness, Justification and Knowledge | |
Rationality in Thought and Action | p. 3 |
The contours of rationality | p. 6 |
Rationality and reasons: theoretical and practical | p. 10 |
The practical authority of theoretical reason | p. 13 |
Rationality and its experiential grounds | p. 16 |
Rationality, reasoning, and responsiveness to experience | p. 20 |
Justification, Knowledge, and Reasonableness | p. 24 |
Rationality and justification | p. 24 |
Rationality as normatively more permissive than justification | p. 29 |
Justification and knowledge | p. 34 |
Reasonableness | p. 39 |
Rationality and reasonableness in the aesthetic domain | p. 40 |
The normative appraisal of religious commitments | p. 43 |
The Dimensions of Rational Religious Commitment | |
Belief, Faith, Acceptance, and Hope | p. 51 |
The nature and varieties of faith | p. 52 |
Conditions for rational faith: a preliminary sketch | p. 66 |
Fiducial faith | p. 68 |
Acceptance | p. 80 |
Faith, belief, and hope: some normative contrasts | p. 84 |
The Diversity of Religious Commitment | p. 89 |
Religious commitment in the context of existential narratives | p. 89 |
Attitudinal and volitional elements in religious commitments | p. 92 |
Institutional aspects of religious conduct | p. 96 |
Degrees of religious commitment | p. 99 |
Experiential and Pragmatic Aspects of Religious Commitments | p. 105 |
Religious experiences as possible support for theism | p. 107 |
Perceptual religious experiences | p. 112 |
The normative authority of religious experience | p. 117 |
The pragmatic dimension of support for religious commitment | p. 125 |
The doxastic practice approach to defending the rationality of theism | p. 129 |
Religious experience, fiducial attitudes, and religious conduct | p. 131 |
Religion, Theology, and Morality | |
Religious Commitment and Moral Obligation | p. 137 |
Divine command ethics | p. 138 |
Divine commandedness versus divine commandability | p. 142 |
Divine commandability, obligation, and the good | p. 151 |
The autonomy of ethics and the moral authority of God | p. 153 |
Religiously grounded conduct | p. 160 |
Religious Integration and Human Flourishing | p. 165 |
The scope of religious integration | p. 166 |
Sociopolitical aspects of religious integration | p. 171 |
Natural theology and the obligations of citizenship | p. 174 |
Theism and the scientific habit of mind | p. 181 |
The aesthetic dimension of religious commitment | p. 184 |
The Rationality of Religious Commitment in the Postmodern World | |
Internal Challenges to the Rationality of Religious Commitment | p. 191 |
The divine attributes | p. 192 |
Pluralism, defeasibility, and rationality | p. 197 |
Rational religious disagreement, skepticism, and humility | p. 201 |
The Problem of Evil | p. 205 |
A conception of the problem of evil | p. 205 |
The axiology of good and evil | p. 209 |
A theocentric versus a cosmocentric approach to the problem | p. 214 |
Moral evil in a world under God | p. 219 |
Theological choiceworthiness | p. 228 |
Natural evil | p. 231 |
Dimensions of divine knowledge | p. 240 |
The Challenge of Naturalism | p. 247 |
Philosophical naturalism | p. 247 |
Scientific explanation and cosmological perplexity | p. 250 |
Personhood, mental substance, and embodiment | p. 253 |
The possibility of divine embodiment | p. 257 |
Mental causation and mentalistic explanation | p. 264 |
Causation, causal explanation, and causal power | p. 270 |
The causal closure versus the causal sufficiency of the physical world | p. 276 |
Intellectual economy and the scientific approach to the world | p. 281 |
Conclusion | p. 286 |
References | p. 297 |
Index | p. 307 |
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved. |
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