Experimental Economics : Rethinking the Rules

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Pub. Date: 2009-11-04
Publisher(s): Princeton Univ Pr
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Summary

Since the 1980s, there has been explosive growth in the use of experimental methods in economics, leading to exciting developments in economic theory and policy. Despite this, the status of experimental economics remains controversial. InExperimental Economics, the authors draw on their experience and expertise in experimental economics, economic theory, the methodology of economics, philosophy of science, and the econometrics of experimental data to offer a balanced and integrated look at the nature and reliability of claims based on experimental research.The authors explore the history of experiments in economics, provide examples of different types of experiments, and show that the growing use of experimental methods is transforming economics into a genuinely empirical science. They explain that progress is being held back by an uncritical acceptance of folk wisdom regarding how experiments should be conducted, a failure to acknowledge that different objectives call for different approaches to experimental design, and a misplaced assumption that principles of good practice in theoretical modeling can be transferred directly to experimental design.Experimental Economicsdebates how such limitations might be overcome, and will interest practicing experimental economists, nonexperimental economists wanting to interpret experimental research, and philosophers of science concerned with the status of knowledge claims in economics.

Table of Contents

Prefacep. vii
Introductionp. 1
Experiments in Economicsp. 1
Does Economics Need Experiments?p. 4
The Practice of Experimental Economicsp. 11
The Illustrations and the Structure of the Bookp. 23
Methods, Methodology, and Philosophy of Sciencep. 36
Theory Testing and the Domain of Economic Theoryp. 46
Domain Restrictions: Economic Theory and the Laboratoryp. 46
Generality and External Validityp. 49
The Blame-the-Theory Argumentp. 54
The Concept of Domainp. 56
The Laboratory and the Three Senses of Domainp. 64
Application to Experimental Tests of Choice Theoryp. 71
Application to Experimental Tests of Equilibrium Predictionsp. 85
Conclusionsp. 92
Experimental Testing in Practicep. 95
Preliminariesp. 95
Experimental Testing and the Duhem-Quine Thesisp. 95
On the Significance of the DQT for Testingp. 106
On Testing Game Theoryp. 114
Hard Cores, Progress, and Experimentsp. 128
Conclusionp. 138
Experiments and Inductive Generalizationp. 141
Preliminariesp. 141
Deduction versus Inductionp. 142
How Inductive Investigation Worksp. 145
Experiments as Testsp. 150
Exhibitsp. 156
Why Be Interested in Exhibits?p. 160
Do Exhibits Need to Be Explained?p. 166
Multiple Causationp. 169
Explaining Exhibits Inductivelyp. 172
Investigating Exhibits without Trying to Explain Themp. 184
Experiments as Modelsp. 189
Conclusionp. 194
External Validityp. 196
Introductionp. 196
Are Economics Experiments Models?p. 197
Tests of Applied Economics Theoriesp. 204
Types of Artificiality Criticismp. 214
Alteration Contrasted with Omission and Contaminationp. 228
Evaluating Alteration Criticismsp. 233
Field Experimentsp. 237
Conclusionsp. 242
Incentives in Experimentsp. 244
Preliminariesp. 244
Incentives, Design, and Controlp. 246
Incentives in Experimental Economics: Convention in Actionp. 248
Three Perspectives on the Effect of Incentives on Behaviorp. 250
Incentive Mechanismsp. 264
Conclusionp. 284
Noise and Variability in Experimental Datap. 286
"Noise" in Economics and in Experimental Economicsp. 286
"Noise" in Individual Decision Experimentsp. 289
"Noise" in Experimental Gamesp. 306
Exploring Different Stochastic Specificationsp. 322
Concluding Remarksp. 329
Conclusionp. 331
How Successful Has Experimental Economics Been in Developing a Sound Methodology?p. 332
How Successful Has Experimental Economics Been in Increasing Understanding of Economic Behavior?p. 338
Has Experimental Economics Had a Positive Impact on Wider Economics?p. 342
Referencesp. 347
Indexp. 369
Table of Contents provided by Publisher. All Rights Reserved.

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