Epistemology An Anthology [Rental Edition]

Preface to the Second Edition ix

Acknowledgments xi

Part I Skepticism 1

Introduction 3

1 The Problem of the External World 7
Barry Stroud

2 Proof of an External World 26
G. E. Moore

3 Four Forms of Scepticism 29
G. E. Moore

4 Certainty 31
G. E. Moore

5 How a Pyrrhonian Skeptic Might Respond to Academic Skepticism 35
Peter Klein

6 Epistemological Realism 51
Michael Williams

Part II The Structure of Knowledge and Justification 73

Introduction 75

7 The Myth of the Given 80
Roderick M. Chisholm

8 Does Empirical Knowledge Have a Foundation? 94
Wilfrid Sellars

9 Epistemic Principles 99
Wilfrid Sellars

10 Can Empirical Knowledge Have a Foundation? 109
Laurence BonJour

11 A Coherence Theory of Truth and Knowledge 124
Donald Davidson

12 A Foundherentist Theory of Empirical Justification 134
Susan Haack

13 The Raft and the Pyramid 145
Ernest Sosa

14 Human Knowledge and the Infinite Regress of Reasons 165
Peter D. Klein

Part III Defining Knowledge 187

Introduction 189

15 Is Justified True Belief Knowledge? 192
Edmund Gettier

16 Thought, Selections 194
Gilbert Harman

17 The Inescapability of Gettier Problems 207
Linda Zagzebski

18 A State of Mind 213
Timothy Williamson

Part IV Epistemic Closure 231

Introduction 233

19 Epistemic Operators 237
Fred Dretske

20 Skepticism, Relevant Alternatives, and Deductive Closure 247
Gail Stine

21 Knowledge and Skepticism 255
Robert Nozick

22 How to Defeat Opposition to Moore 280
Ernest Sosa

23 Are There Counterexamples to the Closure Principle? 290
Jonathan Vogel

Part V Theories of Epistemic Justification 303

Introduction 305

24 Evidentialism 310
Richard Feldman and Earl Conee

25 Skepticism and Rationality 322
Richard Foley

26 What Is Justified Belief? 333
Alvin I. Goldman

27 Reliabilism Leveled 348
Jonathan Vogel

28 Externalist Theories of Empirical Knowledge 363
Laurence BonJour

29 Internalism Exposed 379
Alvin I. Goldman

30 Externalism and Skepticism 394
Richard Fumerton

31 Internalism Defended 407
Richard Feldman and Earl Conee

Part VI Virtue Epistemology and the Value of Knowledge 423

Introduction 425

32 Warrant: A First Approximation 429
Alvin Plantinga

33 Virtues of the Mind, Selections 442
Linda Zagzebski

34 Virtues and Vices of Virtue Epistemology 454
John Greco

35 Cognitive Responsibility and the Epistemic Virtues 462
Duncan Pritchard

36 The Place of Truth in Epistemology 477
Ernest Sosa

37 Why Should Inquiring Minds Want to Know?: Meno Problems and Epistemological Axiology 492
Jonathan L. Kvanvig

38 True Enough 507
Catherine Z. Elgin

Part VII Naturalized Epistemology and the A Priori 521

Introduction 523

39 Epistemology Naturalized 528
W. V. Quine

40 What Is “Naturalized Epistemology”? 538
Jaegwon Kim

41 Quine as Feminist: The Radical Import of Naturalized Epistemology 552
Louise M. Antony

42 There is at Least One A Priori Truth 585
Hilary Putnam

43 Revisability, Reliabilism, and A Priori Knowledge 595
Albert Casullo

44 A Priori Knowledge and the Scope of Philosophy 612
George Bealer

45 Normativity and Epistemic Intuitions 625
Jonathan M. Weinberg, Shaun Nichols, and Stephen Stich

46 Investigating Knowledge Itself 647
Hilary Kornblith

Part VIII Knowledge and Context 661

Introduction 663

47 Solving the Skeptical Problem 669
Keith DeRose

48 Elusive Knowledge 691
David Lewis

49 Contextualist Solutions to Epistemological Problems: Scepticism, Gettier, and the Lottery 706
Stewart Cohen

50 Knowledge and Practical Interest, Selections 721
Jason Stanley

51 Evidence, Pragmatics, and Justification 742
Jeremy Fantl and Matthew McGrath

52 Sensitive Moderate Invariantism 760
John Hawthorne

53 The Assessment Sensitivity of Knowledge Attributions 779
John MacFarlane

Part IX Testimony, Memory, and Perception 801

Introduction 803

54 Trust and Rationality 807
Judith Baker

55 Against Gullibility 815
Elizabeth Fricker

56 Content Preservation 836
Tyler Burge

57 Testimonial Knowledge and Transmission 855
Jennifer Lackey

58 The Problem of Memory Knowledge 868
Michael Huemer

59 Criteria, Defeasibility, and Knowledge 876
John McDowell

60 Knowing How to Believe With Justification 892
Steven L. Reynolds

Index 903