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xi | |
Preface |
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xiii | |
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A Modernizing Nation, 1840--1860 |
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1 | (26) |
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Expansion in Size and Numbers |
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1 | (4) |
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5 | (1) |
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6 | (3) |
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The Modernization of Transportation and Communication |
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9 | (1) |
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10 | (2) |
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A Changing Social Structure |
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12 | (1) |
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13 | (1) |
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14 | (2) |
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16 | (2) |
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18 | (5) |
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23 | (4) |
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27 | (23) |
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27 | (3) |
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30 | (5) |
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Southern Life and Society |
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35 | (7) |
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Life in the ``Big House'' |
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42 | (3) |
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The Development of ``Southernism'' |
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45 | (5) |
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50 | (24) |
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50 | (1) |
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Early Attitudes Toward Slavery |
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51 | (1) |
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52 | (3) |
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The Development of Slavery in the South |
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55 | (3) |
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58 | (2) |
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The Distribution and Concentration of Slaves |
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60 | (2) |
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62 | (1) |
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63 | (4) |
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67 | (4) |
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Slavery as a Regional Economic System |
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71 | (3) |
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Sectionalism Politicized, 1848--1857 |
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74 | (25) |
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74 | (3) |
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The Impact of Western Expansion |
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77 | (2) |
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79 | (6) |
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Pierce, Douglas, and the Kansas-Nebraska Act |
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85 | (5) |
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90 | (1) |
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91 | (5) |
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96 | (3) |
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A House Dividing, 1857--1860 |
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99 | (26) |
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Radical Expressions of Sectionalism |
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100 | (1) |
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Slavery and the Supreme Court |
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101 | (6) |
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107 | (2) |
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The Lincoln-Douglas Debate |
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109 | (4) |
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113 | (3) |
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The Presidential Contest of 1860 |
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116 | (9) |
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125 | (24) |
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The Secession of the Lower South |
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126 | (6) |
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The Reaction of the Buchanan Administration |
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132 | (2) |
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Congress and the Secession Crisis |
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134 | (3) |
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The Washington Peace Conference |
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137 | (2) |
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139 | (1) |
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The Formation of the Confederacy |
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140 | (9) |
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Lincoln, the Upper South, and the Sumter Crisis |
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149 | (19) |
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150 | (2) |
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Reactions to Lincoln's Inaugural |
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152 | (2) |
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154 | (2) |
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Controversy over the Forts |
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156 | (7) |
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Reaction in the Upper South to War Measures |
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163 | (3) |
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Effects of the Mobilization Orders in the North |
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166 | (2) |
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168 | (15) |
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Kentucky's Attempted Neutrality |
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169 | (3) |
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Maryland's Contested Unionism |
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172 | (3) |
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Delaware's Unquestioned Allegiance |
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175 | (1) |
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176 | (3) |
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West Virginia's Secession From the Confederacy |
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179 | (4) |
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183 | (20) |
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Resources, Goals, and Military Structures |
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183 | (8) |
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Early Battles: West Virginia and Bull Run |
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191 | (5) |
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Early Campaigns in the West |
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196 | (7) |
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The Virginia Front 1861--1863 |
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203 | (22) |
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203 | (4) |
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207 | (3) |
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210 | (2) |
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212 | (3) |
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215 | (1) |
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216 | (6) |
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Burnside and Fredericksburg |
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222 | (3) |
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225 | (22) |
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225 | (2) |
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227 | (7) |
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Improvised War: Initial Efforts at Supplying the Army |
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234 | (3) |
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237 | (3) |
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240 | (2) |
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Handling Prisoners of War |
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242 | (5) |
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Problems of the Confederacy |
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247 | (24) |
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Mobilizing the Confederate Army |
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247 | (5) |
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252 | (3) |
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255 | (6) |
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Alienation in The Confederacy |
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261 | (4) |
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Opposition by the States to the Confederacy |
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265 | (2) |
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267 | (4) |
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The Union Government at War |
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271 | (25) |
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Early Presidential Decisions |
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271 | (3) |
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The Thirty-Seventh Congress |
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274 | (4) |
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Investigations by the Thirty-Seventh Congress |
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278 | (3) |
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281 | (6) |
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Opposition to The Government |
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287 | (2) |
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The Merryman, Vallandigham, and Milligan Cases |
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289 | (4) |
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Measuring Lincoln's Actions |
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293 | (3) |
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Financing the War in the North |
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296 | (13) |
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General Issues and Problems |
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296 | (1) |
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Treasury Department Proposals for Taxes and Loans |
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297 | (6) |
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303 | (2) |
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305 | (2) |
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Evaluation of the Treasury Department |
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307 | (2) |
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The American Question Abroad |
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309 | (16) |
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European Attitudes Toward the North and South |
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310 | (4) |
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314 | (3) |
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The Failure of Cotton Diplomacy |
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317 | (2) |
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319 | (2) |
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Confederate Warships and Rams |
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321 | (2) |
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Relations with Other Nations |
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323 | (2) |
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Emancipation: The War Redefined |
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325 | (22) |
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325 | (4) |
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Congress and Emancipation |
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329 | (1) |
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330 | (6) |
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336 | (3) |
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339 | (5) |
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Emancipation by States and the Thirteenth Amendment |
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344 | (3) |
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347 | (23) |
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348 | (2) |
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350 | (7) |
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Early Operations in the west |
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357 | (4) |
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361 | (4) |
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The Battles of Chattanooga and Chickamauga |
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365 | (5) |
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Military Campaigns in 1864 |
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370 | (24) |
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371 | (5) |
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376 | (3) |
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Continuing Battles in Northern Virginia |
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379 | (2) |
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Other Virginia Campaigns, May-September 1864 |
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381 | (4) |
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385 | (9) |
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394 | (15) |
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Organizing the Confederate and Union Navies |
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395 | (4) |
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399 | (2) |
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The Union's Coordinated Army-navy Operations |
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401 | (3) |
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Privateers and Confederate Raiders |
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404 | (2) |
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Union Coastal Operations After 1862 |
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406 | (3) |
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Northern Politics, 1861--1864 |
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409 | (19) |
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410 | (1) |
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411 | (2) |
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413 | (2) |
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415 | (1) |
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The Democratic Challenge in 1863 |
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416 | (2) |
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418 | (2) |
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420 | (3) |
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Further Political Challenges to Lincoln |
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423 | (1) |
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The Democratic Nomination of McClellan and the 1864 Presidential Vote |
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424 | (4) |
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The Home Front in the North |
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428 | (21) |
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Effects of Mobilization on Northern Women |
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428 | (4) |
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432 | (5) |
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437 | (1) |
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438 | (2) |
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Private and Public Assistance |
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440 | (3) |
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443 | (2) |
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Northern Newspapers During the War |
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445 | (2) |
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447 | (2) |
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The Collapse of the Confederacy |
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449 | (16) |
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Northern Occupation of the South |
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450 | (3) |
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453 | (2) |
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455 | (4) |
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Shortages and Nationalization |
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459 | (2) |
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Subversion in the Confederacy |
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461 | (2) |
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Religion and the Confederate Collapse |
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463 | (2) |
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465 | (12) |
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465 | (9) |
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474 | (3) |
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The Challenge of Reconstruction: Legacies of the War in the North |
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477 | (17) |
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Initial Postwar Attitudes in the North |
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479 | (3) |
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Economic Legacies of the War in the North |
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482 | (7) |
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The Northern Economy, Politics, and Reconstruction |
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489 | (3) |
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The Challenge of Reconstruction |
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492 | (2) |
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The Challenge of Reconstruction: Legacies of the War in the South |
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494 | (14) |
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494 | (2) |
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496 | (2) |
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An Incomplete Economic Recovery |
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498 | (2) |
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The Reorganization of Southern Agriculture |
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500 | (3) |
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Contested Meanings of Freedom: Black Aspirations Versus White Expectations |
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503 | (4) |
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Toward Political Reconstruction |
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507 | (1) |
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Presidential Reconstruction |
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508 | (16) |
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Presidential Reconstruction Under Lincoln |
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508 | (4) |
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The 10 Percent Plan in Operation |
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512 | (1) |
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Louisiana and the Congressional Backlash Against Lincoln |
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513 | (5) |
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Presidential Reconstruction Under Andrew Johnson |
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518 | (6) |
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Responses to Presidential Reconstruction |
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524 | (12) |
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The Southern Response to Johnson's Policies |
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525 | (3) |
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Congressional Republicans Respond to Johnson's Program |
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528 | (8) |
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Congressional Reconstruction: The First Phase |
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536 | (20) |
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The Protagonists: Radicals and Moderates |
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537 | (6) |
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543 | (7) |
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The Congressional Elections of 1866 |
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550 | (6) |
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Congressional Reconstruction: The Second Phase, 1867--1869 |
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556 | (21) |
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The Military Reconstruction Acts |
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558 | (3) |
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What the Military Reconstruction Acts Signified |
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561 | (3) |
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Grant, The Army, and Reconstruction |
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564 | (2) |
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The Impeachment of Andrew Johnson |
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566 | (6) |
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The Triumph of the Moderates |
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572 | (5) |
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Reconstruction in the South |
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577 | (16) |
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The Republican Coalition and the Myth of Black Reconstruction |
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580 | (5) |
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Republican Governance: The Constitutional Conventions |
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585 | (3) |
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Republican Governance: Expansion of the Public Sphere |
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588 | (5) |
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The Failure of Reconstruction in the South |
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593 | (12) |
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The Pattern of Southern Politics |
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593 | (4) |
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The Politics of the Center, 1869--1873 |
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597 | (2) |
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The Politics of Polarization, 1873--1877 |
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599 | (3) |
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Constant White Terrorism and Fluctuating Federal Intervention |
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602 | (3) |
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The North, the Grant Administration, and Reconstruction |
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605 | (12) |
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606 | (3) |
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The Political Context of Grant's Presidency |
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609 | (1) |
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610 | (2) |
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612 | (3) |
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The Liberal Republican Movement and the Border States |
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615 | (2) |
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The Retreat from Reconstruction |
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617 | (16) |
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Liberal Republicanism and its Consequences |
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617 | (4) |
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The Supreme Court and Reconstruction |
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621 | (2) |
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The Panic of 1873 and the Specter of Realignment |
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623 | (3) |
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The Republicans Turn Northward |
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626 | (3) |
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629 | (4) |
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The End of Reconstruction |
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633 | (12) |
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634 | (2) |
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636 | (2) |
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The ``Compromise of 1877'' |
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638 | (4) |
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642 | (3) |
Notes |
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645 | (71) |
Suggested Readings |
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716 | (8) |
Credits |
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724 | (3) |
Index |
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727 | |