Alleged Assassination Plots Involving Foreign Leaders : An Interim Report of the Select Committee to Study Governmental Operations,9781589631823

Alleged Assassination Plots Involving Foreign Leaders : An Interim Report of the Select Committee to Study Governmental Operations

by United States Senate

ISBN13: 9781589631823

ISBN10: 158963182X

Format: Paperback

Pub. Date: 2001-04-01

Publisher(s): Lightning Source Inc

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Summary

Alleged Assassination Plots Involving Foreign Leaders was originally published on November 20, 1975.

Table of Contents

Prologue	p. XIII
Introduction and Summary	p. 1
Committee's Mandate	p. 1
Committee Decision To Make Report Public	p. 2
Scope of Committee's Investigation	p. 2
Summary of Findings and Conclusions	p. 4
The Questions Presented	p. 4
Summary of Findings and Conclusions on the Plots	p. 4
Summary of Findings and Conclusions on The Issues of Authority and Control	p. 6
Covert Action as a Vehicle for Foreign Policy Implementation	p. 9
Policy Development and Approval Mechanism	p. 9
The Concept of "Plausible Denial"	p. 11
Assassination Planning and Plots	p. 13
Congo	p. 13
Introduction	p. 13
Dulles Cable to Leopoldville: August 26, 1960	p. 14
CIA Encouragement of Congolese Efforts to "Eliminate" Lumumba	p. 16
The Plot to Assassinate Lumumba	p. 19
The Question of a Connection Between the Assassination Plot and Other Actions of CIA Officers and Their Agents in the Congo	p. 37
The Question of Whether the CIA Was Involved in Bringing About Lumumba's Death in Katanga Province	p. 48
The Question of the Level at Which the Assassination Plot Was Authorized	p. 51
Cuba	p. 71
The Assassination Plots	p. 71
At What Level Were the Castro Plots Known About or Authorized Within the Central Intelligence Agency?	p. 91
At What Level Were the Castro Plots Known About or Authorized Outside of the Central Intelligence Agency?	p. 108
Institutionalizing Assassination: The "Executive Action" Capability	p. 181
Introduction	p. 181
The Question of White House Initiation, Authorization, or Knowledge of the Executive Action Project	p. 182
The Question of Authorization or Knowledge of the Executive Action Project by the DCI	p. 187
The Question of Whether Project ZR/RIFLE Was Connected to Any Actual Assassination Plots	p. 187
Trujillo	p. 191
Summary	p. 191
Background	p. 191
Initial Contact With Dissidents and Request for Arms	p. 192
Summer and Fall of 1960	p. 194
January 12, 1961 Special Group Approval of "Limited Supplies of Small Arms and Other Material"	p. 196
January 20, 1961-April 17, 1961 (the Kennedy Administration through the Bay of Pigs)	p. 197
April 17, 1961-May 31, 1961 (Bay of Pigs Through Trujillo Assassination)	p. 205
May 30, 1961 and Immediately Thereafter	p. 213
Diem	p. 217
Summary	p. 217
The Abortive Coup of August 1963	p. 217
The November 1963 Coup	p. 220
Schneider	p. 225
Summary	p. 225
The President's Initial Instruction and Background	p. 227
CIA's Implementation of Track II	p. 233
CIA Efforts to Promote a Coup	p. 239
CIA/White House Communication During Track II	p. 246
Findings and Conclusions	p. 255
Findings Concerning the Plots Themselves	p. 255
Officials of the United States Government Initiated Plots to Assassinate Fidel Castro and Patrice Lumumba	p. 255
No Foreign Leaders Were Killed as a Result of Assassination Plots Initiated by Officials of the United States	p. 256
American Officials Encouraged or Were Privy to Coup Plots Which Resulted in the Deaths of Trujillo, Diem, and Schneider	p. 256
The Plots Occurred in a Cold War Atmosphere Perceived to be of Crisis Proportions	p. 256
American Officials Had Exaggerated Notions About Their Ability to Control the Actions of Coup Leaders	p. 256
CIA Officials Made Use of Known Underworld Figures in Assassination Efforts	p. 257
Conclusions Concerning the Plots Themselves	p. 257
The United States Should Not Engage in Assassination	p. 257
The United States Should Not Make Use of Underworld Figures for Their Criminal Talents	p. 259
Findings and Conclusions Relating to Authorization and Control	p. 260
The Apparent Lack of Accountability in the Command and Control System Was Such That the Assassination Plots Could Have Been Undertaken Without Express Authorization	p. 261
Findings Relating to the Level at Which the Plots Were Authorized	p. 261
CIA Officials Involved in the Assassination Operations Perceived Assassination to Have Been a Permissible Course of Action	p. 264
The Failure in Communication Between Agency Officials in Charge of the Assassination Operations and their Superiors in the Agency and in the Administration was Due to: (a) The Failure of Subordinates to Disclose Their Plans and Operations to Their Superiors; and (b) The Failure of Superiors in the Climate of Violence and Aggressive Covert Actions Sanctioned by the Administrations to Rule Out Assassination as a Tool of Foreign Policy; To Make Clear to Their Subordinates That Assassination Was Impermissible; Or To Inquire Further After Receiving Indications That It Was Being Considered	p. 267
Practices Current at the Time in Which the Assassination Plots Occurred Were Revealed by the Record To Create the Risk of Confusion, Rashness and Irresponsibility in the Very Areas Where Clarity and Sober Judgment Were Most Necessary	p. 277
Recommendations	p. 281
General Agreement That the United States Must Not Engage in Assassination	p. 281
CIA Directives Banning Assassination	p. 282
The Need for a Statute	p. 282
Epilogue	p. 285
Statement of Joinder	p. 286
Appendix A	p. 289
Appendix B	p. 291
Separate Views of Senator Philip A. Hart	p. 297
Additional Views of Senator Robert Morgan	p. 299
Additional Views of Senator Howard H. Baker, Jr	p. 303
Additional Views of Senator Barry Goldwater	p. 341
Supplemental Views of Senator Charles McC. Mathias, Jr	p. 345
Abbreviations of Citations	p. 347
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